Good for: Mass planting

Scientific Name Common Name(s) Ground cover? Evergreen? Plant Form(s) Tolerates
Achillea borealis Common yarrow Yes No Herbs Dry soils/drought, Air pollution, Salt, Soil compaction, Urban environments, Mowing
Aconitum uncinatum Blue monkshood No No Herbs
Aletris farinosa White colicroot No No Herbs Wet conditions
Allium cernuum Nodding onion No No Herbs Allelopathic plants **, Dry soils/drought, Poor soil (sand/clay)
Allium tricoccum Ramps, Wild leek, Rampscallions No No Herbs
Amelanchier arborea Downy serviceberry No No Medium Trees Wet conditions, Dry soils/drought, Salt, Fire
Amelanchier canadensis Canadian serviceberry No No Medium Trees Wet conditions, Fire
Amelanchier laevis Smooth serviceberry No No Medium Trees Air pollution, Salt, Soil compaction, Urban environments
Andersonglossum virginianum Wild comfrey No No Herbs Poor soil (sand/clay)
Andropogon gerardii Big bluestem, Turkeyfoot No No Grasses, Sedges & Rushes Air pollution, Allelopathic plants **, Dry soils/drought, Salt, Wet conditions
Andropogon virginicus Broomsedge No No Grasses, Sedges & Rushes Dry soils/drought, Poor soil (sand/clay)
Anemone virginiana var. virginiana Tall anemone, Thimbleweed No No Herbs Dry soils/drought, Allelopathic plants **
Antennaria neglecta Field pussytoes Yes No Herbs Dry soils/drought
Antennaria plantaginifolia Plantain-leaved pussytoes, Everlasting, Ladies' tabacco, Mouse ear, Plantain-leaved everlasting, Plantain pussytoes, Pussytoes No No Herbs Dry soils/drought, Poor soil (sand/clay)
Antennaria solitaria Single-head pussytoes Yes No Herbs
Aronia arbutifolia Red chokeberry No No Shrubs & Small Trees Dry soils/drought, Salt, Soil compaction, Wet conditions
Aronia melanocarpa Black chokeberry No No Shrubs & Small Trees Salt, Soil compaction, Wet conditions
Aruncus dioicus var. dioicus Goat's-beard No No Herbs
Asclepias tuberosa Butterfly milkweed, Common butterfly weed, Butterfly weed, Common butterfly-weed No No Herbs Dry soils/drought, Salt
Betula nigra River birch, Red birch No No Large Trees Air pollution, Allelopathic plants **, Dry soils/drought, Salt, Soil compaction, Wet conditions, Fire, Heat
Bidens laevis Smooth bur-marigold, Showy bur-marigold No No Herbs Wet conditions
Carex pensylvanica Pennsylvania sedge, Plantainleaf sedge, Plantain-leaved sedge, Seersucker sedge Yes Yes Grasses, Sedges & Rushes Mowing, Some foot traffic, Wet conditions, Dry soils/drought
Chasmanthium latifolium River oats, Indian wood oats, Inland sea oats, Wild oats, Wood-oat, Northern sea oats No No Grasses, Sedges & Rushes Dry soils/drought, Allelopathic plants **, Salt, Wet conditions
Chionanthus virginicus Fringetree, Old man's beard No No Medium Trees Air pollution, Dry soils/drought, Salt, Soil compaction, Urban environments, Urban environments
Conoclinium coelestinum Mistflower, Ageratum, Blue boneset, Blue mistflower, Wild ageratum Yes No Herbs Wet conditions, Fire
Coreopsis tripteris Tall coreopsis, Tall tickseed No No Herbs Dry soils/drought, Poor soil (sand/clay)
Coreopsis verticillata Whorled coreopsis, Thread-leaf coreopsis Yes No Herbs Dry soils/drought, Poor soil (sand/clay), Salt
Cornus amomum Silky dogwood No No Shrubs & Small Trees Allelopathic plants **, Salt, Wet conditions
Cornus florida Flowering dogwood No No Medium Trees Soil compaction, Fire, Wind
Corylus americana American hazelnut, American filbert No No Shrubs & Small Trees
Dennstaedtia punctilobula Hay-scented fern No No Fern & Fern Allies Dry soils/drought, Salt
Dryopteris carthusiana Spinulose wood fern, Toothed wood fern No No Fern & Fern Allies Wet conditions
Dryopteris cristata Crested wood fern Yes No Fern & Fern Allies Wet conditions
Dryopteris goldieana Goldie's wood fern No No Fern & Fern Allies Wet conditions
Dryopteris intermedia Evergreen wood fern, Fancy fern No Yes Fern & Fern Allies Dry soils/drought, Wet conditions
Dryopteris marginalis Marginal wood fern, Evergreen wood fern, Evergreen wood-fern, Evergreen woodfern, Leather wood fern, Marginal shield fern, Marginal shield-fern, Marginal woodfern No Yes Fern & Fern Allies Wet conditions
Elephantopus tomentosus Hairy elephant's-foot, Devil's grandmother No No Herbs
Eragrostis spectabilis Purple lovegrass, Tumblegrass No No Grasses, Sedges & Rushes Air pollution, Allelopathic plants **, Dry soils/drought, Poor soil (sand/clay), Salt
Erigeron philadelphicus Philadelphia fleabane No No Herbs Dry soils/drought, Salt, Poor soil (sand/clay)
Eupatorium hyssopifolium Hyssop-leaf thoroughwort, Hyssop-leaved boneset No No Herbs Dry soils/drought, Urban environments, Salt
Eupatorium rotundifolium Roundleaf thoroughwort, Roundleaf boneset No No Herbs Dry soils/drought, Wet conditions, Fire
Eutrochium fistulosum Hollow joe-pye-weed, Joe pye thoroughwort, Joe-pye weed No No Herbs Wet conditions, Fire
Helianthus divaricatus Woodland sunflower No No Herbs Dry soils/drought
Heliopsis helianthoides Oxeye sunflower, Oxeye No No Herbs Dry soils/drought, Poor soil (sand/clay)
Heuchera americana American alumroot No No Herbs Allelopathic plants **, Dry soils/drought
Houstonia caerulea Common bluets, Azur bluets, Quaker ladies No No Herbs
Hydrangea arborescens Wild hydrangea, Smooth hydrangea No No Shrubs & Small Trees Allelopathic plants **, Salt
Hypericum hypericoides St. andrew's cross No No Shrubs & Small Trees Dry soils/drought
Ilex verticillata Winterberry No No Shrubs & Small Trees Salt, Wet conditions
Iris versicolor Harlequin blueflag, Northern blue flag, Large blue iris No No Herbs Wet conditions, Salt
Iris virginica Virginia blue flag, Southern blue flag No No Herbs Wet conditions
Itea virginica Virginia-willow, Virginia sweetspire No No Shrubs & Small Trees Wet conditions, Dry soils/drought
Liatris pilosa Grass-leaf blazing star, Grass-leaf gayfeather No No Herbs Dry soils/drought, Poor soil (sand/clay)
Liatris spicata Dense blazing star, Dense gayfeather, Dense liatris, Marsh blazing star, Marsh gayfeather, Marsh liatris No No Herbs Poor soil (sand/clay), Wet conditions, Dry soils/drought
Maianthemum canadense Canada mayflower, False lily-of-the-valley No Yes Herbs
Maianthemum racemosum False solomon's seal, Eastern solomons-plume No No Herbs
Mertensia virginica Virginia bluebell, Virginia cowslip No No Herbs Allelopathic plants **, Wet conditions
Mimulus ringens Monkeyflower, Allegheny monkeyflower No No Herbs Wet conditions
Monarda punctata Horse-mint, Horsemint, Spotted bee-balm No No Herbs Dry soils/drought, Wet conditions, Poor soil (sand/clay)
Muhlenbergia capillaris Hair-awn muhly, Long-awn hairgrass No No Grasses, Sedges & Rushes Poor soil (sand/clay), Dry soils/drought, Allelopathic plants **, Air pollution, Salt
Onoclea sensibilis Sensitive fern No No Fern & Fern Allies Allelopathic plants **, Dry soils/drought, Wet conditions
Packera anonyma Small's ragwort, Appalachian ragwort, Plain ragwort, Southern ragwort No No Herbs Dry soils/drought, Poor soil (sand/clay)
Passiflora incarnata Purple passionflower, Maypop No No Vines Poor soil (sand/clay), Dry soils/drought
Persicaria virginiana Virginia knotweed, Jumpseed Yes No Herbs Wet conditions
Phlox stolonifera Creeping phlox No No Herbs Allelopathic plants **, Dry soils/drought, Air pollution
Phlox subulata Moss phlox, Moss-pink Yes Yes Herbs Salt, Some foot traffic, Air pollution, Dry soils/drought, Poor soil (sand/clay)
Physocarpus opulifolius Ninebark No No Shrubs & Small Trees Dry soils/drought
Pinus taeda Loblolly pine No Yes Large Trees Salt, Wet conditions, Soil compaction, Dry soils/drought
Polemonium reptans Jacob's ladder, Greek valerian, Spreading jacob's ladder Yes No Herbs
Rhus aromatica Fragrant sumac, Aromatic sumac, Lemon sumac, Polecat bush, Polecat sumac Yes No Shrubs & Small Trees Allelopathic plants **, Dry soils/drought
Salvia lyrata Lyre-leaf sage Yes No Herbs Some foot traffic, Dry soils/drought, Wet conditions
Sassafras albidum Sassafras No No Medium Trees Salt, Dry soils/drought
Schizachyrium scoparium Little bluestem, Prairie beardgrass, Prairie beard ggass No No Grasses, Sedges & Rushes Dry soils/drought, Salt, Soil compaction, Urban environments, Some foot traffic, Allelopathic plants **, Air pollution
Sedum ternatum Wild stonecrop, Woodland stonecrop Yes Yes Herbs Mowing, Some foot traffic, Dry soils/drought, Poor soil (sand/clay)
Sisyrinchium angustifolium Narrow-leaved blue-eyed-grass, Narrow-leaved blue-eyed grass, Blue-eyed grass, Bermuda blue-eyed grass , Blue eyes , Grass flower , Narrowleaf blue-eyed grass , Narrow-leaf blue-eyed-grass , Sassy grass , Stout blue-eyed grass No No Herbs
Sorghastrum nutans Indian grass, Yellow indian grass No No Grasses, Sedges & Rushes Salt, Dry soils/drought, Allelopathic plants **, Wet conditions
Spiraea alba var. alba Narrowleaf meadowsweet No No Shrubs & Small Trees Wet conditions
Symphyotrichum lateriflorum Calico aster, Starved aster No No Herbs
Symphyotrichum prenanthoides Crooked-stem aster No No Herbs
Teucrium canadense Canada germander, American germander Yes No Herbs Poor soil (sand/clay), Dry soils/drought
Thalictrum thalictroides Rue-anemone No No Herbs Dry soils/drought
Tradescantia ohiensis Ohio spiderwort, Smooth spiderwort No No Herbs Dry soils/drought
Tridens flavus Purpletop, Tall redtop, Grease grass, Redtop No No Grasses, Sedges & Rushes Salt
Typha latifolia Common cattail, Broadleaf cattail No No Herbs Poor soil (sand/clay), Salt, Wet conditions
Uvularia perfoliata Perfoliate bellwort No No Herbs
Uvularia sessilifolia Sessile bellwort, Wild-oats No No Herbs
Vaccinium corymbosum Highbush blueberry, Northern highbush blueberry No No Shrubs & Small Trees Dry soils/drought, Salt, Wet conditions, Acidic soils, Soil compaction
Vaccinium fuscatum Hairy highbush blueberry, Black highbush blueberry No No Shrubs & Small Trees Acidic soils, Wet conditions
Vernonia glauca Upland ironweed, Broad-leaf ironweed, Broadleaf ironweed No No Herbs Dry soils/drought
Viola canadensis Tall white violet, Canada violet No No Herbs Allelopathic plants **
Viola lanceolata Lance-leaved violet, Narrow-leaved violet No No Herbs Wet conditions
Viola pedata Bird's foot violet, Birdfoot violet, Bird-foot violet No No Herbs Dry soils/drought
Viola pubescens Downy yellow violet Yes No Herbs Dry soils/drought
Viola sororia Common blue violet, Confederate violet Yes No Herbs Allelopathic plants **, Wet conditions
Viola striata Striped violet, Cream violet Yes No Herbs Wet conditions
Vitis aestivalis Silverleaf grape No No Vines
Zizia aurea Golden-alexanders, Common golden-alexanders No No Herbs Salt, Wet conditions, Dry soils/drought
Claytonia virginica var. virginica Spring beauty, Virginia spring beauty, Eastern spring beauty No No Herbs
Coreopsis auriculata Lobed coreopsis, Eared coreopsis , Mouse-eared coreopsis , Lobed tickseed , Ear-leaved tickseed No No Herbs Dry soils/drought
Coreopsis major Woodland coreopsis, Greater tickseed, Greater coreopsis No No Herbs Dry soils/drought, Poor soil (sand/clay)
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