Good for: Songbirds

Scientific Name Common Name(s) Ground cover? Evergreen? Plant Form(s) Tolerates
Eupatorium perfoliatum Boneset, Common boneset No No Herbs Wet conditions
Eupatorium rotundifolium Roundleaf thoroughwort, Roundleaf boneset No No Herbs Dry soils/drought, Wet conditions, Fire
Euphorbia corollata Flowering spurge No No Herbs
Eurybia divaricata White wood aster Yes No Herbs Dry soils/drought, Poor soil (sand/clay)
Eurybia macrophylla Big-leaf aster, Large-leaved aster No No Herbs
Eutrochium fistulosum Hollow joe-pye-weed, Joe pye thoroughwort, Joe-pye weed No No Herbs Wet conditions, Fire
Fagus grandifolia American beech No No Large Trees Allelopathic plants **, Salt
Fragaria virginiana Wild strawberry, Virginia strawberry No No Herbs Dry soils/drought
Gaultheria procumbens Wintergreen, Teaberry Yes No Shrubs & Small Trees
Gaylussacia baccata Black huckleberry No No Shrubs & Small Trees Dry soils/drought
Gentiana saponaria Soapwort gentian No No Herbs
Geranium carolinianum Carolina geranium, Carolina cranesbill No No Herbs
Geranium maculatum Wild geranium No No Herbs
Glyceria striata Fowl mannagrass No No Grasses, Sedges & Rushes
Hamamelis virginiana Witch hazel, Witchhazel No No Shrubs & Small Trees Poor soil (sand/clay)
Helenium autumnale Common sneezeweed, Autumnale sneezeweed No No Herbs Poor soil (sand/clay), Wet conditions
Helenium flexuosum Southern sneezeweed No No Herbs
Helianthus angustifolius Narrow-leaved sunflower No No Herbs Poor soil (sand/clay), Salt, Wet conditions
Helianthus decapetalus Thin-leaved sunflower No No Herbs
Helianthus divaricatus Woodland sunflower No No Herbs Dry soils/drought
Heliopsis helianthoides Oxeye sunflower, Oxeye No No Herbs Dry soils/drought, Poor soil (sand/clay)
Hydrangea arborescens Wild hydrangea, Smooth hydrangea No No Shrubs & Small Trees Allelopathic plants **, Salt
Hypericum hypericoides St. andrew's cross No No Shrubs & Small Trees Dry soils/drought
Hypericum prolificum Shrubby st. john's-wort No No Shrubs & Small Trees Dry soils/drought, Salt, Soil compaction
Ilex opaca American holly No Yes Medium Trees Salt, Soil compaction
Ilex verticillata Winterberry No No Shrubs & Small Trees Salt, Wet conditions
Itea virginica Virginia-willow, Virginia sweetspire No No Shrubs & Small Trees Wet conditions, Dry soils/drought
Juncus tenuis Path rush, Slender rush, Poverty rush Yes No Grasses, Sedges & Rushes Soil compaction, Wet conditions
Juniperus virginiana Eastern redcedar No Yes Large Trees, Medium Trees Dry soils/drought, Salt, Soil compaction, Wet conditions
Kalmia latifolia Mountain laurel, Ivy No Yes Shrubs & Small Trees Acidic soils, Soil compaction, Dry soils/drought
Lespedeza capitata Round-headed lespedeza, Round-headed bush-clover No No Herbs Dry soils/drought
Lespedeza virginica Slender lespedeza, Slender bush-clover No No Herbs Dry soils/drought
Liatris pilosa Grass-leaf blazing star, Grass-leaf gayfeather No No Herbs Dry soils/drought, Poor soil (sand/clay)
Liatris spicata Dense blazing star, Dense gayfeather, Dense liatris, Marsh blazing star, Marsh gayfeather, Marsh liatris No No Herbs Poor soil (sand/clay), Wet conditions, Dry soils/drought
Liatris squarrosa Plains blazing star No No Herbs
Lindera benzoin Spicebush No No Shrubs & Small Trees Wet conditions, Fire
Liquidambar styraciflua Sweetgum No No Large Trees Dry soils/drought, Salt, Soil compaction, Wet conditions
Lobelia cardinalis Cardinal flower No No Herbs Wet conditions, Salt
Lobelia siphilitica Great blue lobelia No No Herbs Wet conditions
Lonicera sempervirens Trumpet honeysuckle, Coral honeysuckle Yes No Vines Poor soil (sand/clay), Allelopathic plants **, Soil compaction
Lupinus perennis Sundial lupine No No Herbs
Magnolia virginiana Sweetbay magnolia No Yes Medium Trees Alkaline soils, Salt, Wet conditions, Soil compaction
Maianthemum canadense Canada mayflower, False lily-of-the-valley No Yes Herbs
Maianthemum racemosum False solomon's seal No No Herbs
Malus coronaria Sweet crabapple No No Shrubs & Small Trees
Medeola virginiana Indian cucumber-root No No Herbs
Menispermum canadense Canada moonseed, Common moonseed No No Vines
Mitchella repens Partidge-berry Yes Yes Herbs Dry soils/drought, Mowing, Some foot traffic
Monarda didyma Scarlet beebalm, Oswego tea No No Herbs Wet conditions, Allelopathic plants **
Monarda punctata Horse-mint, Horsemint, Spotted bee-balm No No Herbs Dry soils/drought, Wet conditions, Poor soil (sand/clay)
Morus rubra Red mulberry, Common mulberry No No Medium Trees Air pollution, Dry soils/drought
Muhlenbergia capillaris Hair-awn muhly, Long-awn hairgrass No No Grasses, Sedges & Rushes Poor soil (sand/clay), Dry soils/drought, Allelopathic plants **, Air pollution, Salt
Nyssa sylvatica Black gum, Sour gum No No Large Trees, Medium Trees Salt, Soil compaction, Wet conditions, Dry soils/drought, Allelopathic plants **, Air pollution
Oenothera fruticosa Narrow-leaf sundrops, Southern sundrops, Narrow-leaf evening-primrose No No Herbs
Oenothera gaura Biennial gaura, Northeastern gaura No No Herbs
Onoclea sensibilis Sensitive fern No No Fern & Fern Allies Allelopathic plants **, Dry soils/drought, Wet conditions
Osmunda spectabilis Royal fern No No Fern & Fern Allies Wet conditions
Osmundastrum cinnamomeum Cinnamon fern No No Fern & Fern Allies Wet conditions
Ostrya virginiana Hop-horn-beam, Eastern hop-hornbeam, Ironwood No No Shrubs & Small Trees Dry soils/drought, Soil compaction
Oxydendrum arboreum Sourwood, Sorrel tree No No Large Trees Salt, Acidic soils
Packera anonyma Small's ragwort, Appalachian ragwort, Plain ragwort, Southern ragwort No No Herbs Dry soils/drought, Poor soil (sand/clay)
Packera aurea Golden ragwort, Heartleaf ragwort Yes Yes Herbs Wet conditions
Panicum virgatum Switch grass, Switchgrass No No Grasses, Sedges & Rushes Salt, Some foot traffic, Wet conditions, Allelopathic plants **
Parthenocissus quinquefolia Virginia-creeper Yes No Vines Dry soils/drought, Wet conditions, Salt, Soil compaction, Allelopathic plants **, Air pollution
Paspalum floridanum Florida paspalum No No Grasses, Sedges & Rushes Poor soil (sand/clay), Wet conditions, Dry soils/drought
Passiflora incarnata Purple passionflower, Maypop No No Vines Poor soil (sand/clay), Dry soils/drought
Peltandra virginica Arrow-arum, Tuckahoe No No Herbs
Penstemon laevigatus Smooth beard-tongue, Eastern smooth beard-tongue, Eastern beardtongue, Hairy beardtongue, Eastern penstemon , Eastern smooth penstemon , Hairy penstemon, Smooth penstemon No No Herbs Wet conditions, Dry soils/drought
Phlox divaricata Wild blue phlox, Woodland phlox No No Herbs Dry soils/drought
Phlox maculata Meadow phlox, Wild sweet-william No No Herbs
Phlox paniculata Fall phlox, Garden phlox No No Herbs Salt, Allelopathic plants **
Phlox subulata Moss phlox, Moss-pink Yes Yes Herbs Salt, Some foot traffic, Air pollution, Dry soils/drought, Poor soil (sand/clay)
Physocarpus opulifolius Ninebark No No Shrubs & Small Trees Dry soils/drought
Physostegia virginiana Obedient plant, False dragonhead No No Herbs Salt
Pinus strobus Eastern white pine No No Large Trees
Pinus taeda Loblolly pine No Yes Large Trees Salt, Wet conditions, Soil compaction, Dry soils/drought
Pinus virginiana Virginia pine, Scrub pine No Yes Large Trees Dry soils/drought, Soil compaction, Air pollution
Platanus occidentalis Sycamore, American sycamore No Yes Large Trees Dry soils/drought, Salt, Soil compaction, Allelopathic plants **, Air pollution, Urban environments, Wet conditions
Polypodium virginianum Common rock polypody, Common rockcap fern No No Fern & Fern Allies
Polystichum acrostichoides Christmas fern No No Fern & Fern Allies
Prunus americana American wild plum No No Medium Trees Dry soils/drought
Prunus angustifolia Chickasaw plum No No Shrubs & Small Trees
Prunus serotina Wild black cherry, Black cherry, Black chokecherry, Rum cherry No No Large Trees
Quercus alba White oak No No Large Trees Dry soils/drought, Salt, Acidic soils, Allelopathic plants **
Quercus bicolor Swamp white oak No No Large Trees Dry soils/drought, Salt, Soil compaction, Wet conditions, Acidic soils, Allelopathic plants **, Poor soil (sand/clay)
Quercus coccinea Scarlet oak No No Large Trees Allelopathic plants **, Dry soils/drought
Quercus falcata Southern red oak, Spanish oak No No Large Trees Dry soils/drought, Wet conditions, Acidic soils
Quercus michauxii Swamp chestnut oak, Basket oak No No Large Trees Soil compaction, Urban environments, Wet conditions, Acidic soils
Quercus montana Chestnut oak, Rock chestnut oak No No Large Trees Dry soils/drought, Poor soil (sand/clay)
Quercus muehlenbergii Chinquapin oak, Chinkapin oak, Yellow oak No No Large Trees, Medium Trees Dry soils/drought
Quercus nigra Water oak No No Large Trees, Medium Trees
Quercus palustris Pin oak No No Medium Trees Acidic soils, Salt, Wet conditions, Air pollution
Quercus phellos Willow oak No No Large Trees Salt, Soil compaction, Air pollution, Wet conditions
Quercus rubra Northern red oak No No Large Trees Dry soils/drought, Soil compaction, Allelopathic plants **, Air pollution
Quercus shumardii Shumard oak No No Large Trees
Quercus stellata Post oak No No Medium Trees Dry soils/drought, Acidic soils, Poor soil (sand/clay)
Quercus velutina Black oak No No Large Trees Dry soils/drought, Salt, Allelopathic plants **
Rhus aromatica Fragrant sumac, Aromatic sumac, Lemon sumac, Polecat bush, Polecat sumac Yes No Shrubs & Small Trees Allelopathic plants **, Dry soils/drought
Rhus copallinum Winged sumac, Shining sumac, Flameleaf sumac No No Shrubs & Small Trees Dry soils/drought, Salt, Poor soil (sand/clay)
Rhus glabra Smooth sumac No No Shrubs & Small Trees Dry soils/drought, Salt, Allelopathic plants **
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